On Psychology Without Freud
Schopenhauer and Nietzsche Against Consolation
“Life is suffering.” — Schopenhauer
“Become who you are.” — Nietzsche
Between these two sentences lies the only psychology worth speaking of. One strips existence bare; the other commands its transfiguration. Together they give us the grammar of man: suffering and creation, abyss and ascent.
The history of psychology is often written as if it began in the …
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